Carrier Dogs and CEA: Ethics, Decisions, and Long-Term Strategy

Should carrier dogs be bred? What ethical framework should guide breeding decisions when a dog carries the CEA mutation? A veterinary ophthalmologist's perspective on balancing breed health, genetic diversity, and responsible breeding practice.

Breeding Strategies to Reduce CEA Incidence

Practical breeding protocols for reducing Collie Eye Anomaly whilst maintaining genetic diversity. Evidence-based strategies from programmes that have achieved dramatic improvements.